@article{89951,
  keywords = {Base Sequence, Bacterial Proteins, signal transduction, Escherichia coli, Molecular Sequence Data, Transcription, Genetic, Protein Kinases, Transcription Factors, Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial, Models, Biological, Membrane Proteins, DNA, Bacterial, Regulon, Amino Acid Sequence, Escherichia coli Proteins, Protein Folding, Sigma Factor, DNA Primers, Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins, Peptidylprolyl Isomerase, Immunophilins},
  author = {Danese and Silhavy},
  title = {The sigma(E) and the Cpx signal transduction systems control the synthesis of periplasmic protein-folding enzymes in Escherichia coli},
  abstract = {<p>In Escherichia coli, the heat shock-inducible sigma-factor sigma(E) and the Cpx two-component signal transduction system are both attuned to extracytoplasmic stimuli. For example, sigma(E) activity rises in response to the overproduction of various outer-membrane proteins. Similarly, the activity of the Cpx signal transduction pathway, which consists of an inner-membrane sensor (CpxA) and a cognate response regulator (CpxR), is stimulated by overproduction of the outer-membrane lipoprotein, NlpE. In response to these extracytoplasmic stimuli, sigma(E) and CpxA/CpxR stimulate the transcription of degP, which encodes a periplasmic protease. This suggests that CpxA/CpxR and sigma(E) both mediate protein turnover within the bacterial envelope. Here, we show that CpxA/CpxR and sigma(E) also control the synthesis of periplasmic enzymes that can facilitate protein-folding reactions. Specifically, sigma(E) controls transcription of fkpA, which specifies a periplasmic peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase. Similarly, the Cpx system controls transcription of the dsbA locus, which encodes a periplasmic enzyme required for efficient disulfide bond formation in several extracytoplasmic proteins. Taken together, these results indicate that sigma(E) and CpxA/CpxR are involved in regulating both protein-turnover and protein-folding activities within the bacterial envelope.</p>
},
  year = {1997},
  journal = {Genes Dev},
  volume = {11},
  pages = {1183-93},
  month = {05/1997},
  issn = {0890-9369},
  doi = {10.1101/gad.11.9.1183},
  language = {eng},
}